Forearm Projections

Patient Preparation

• Explain the procedure to the patient.
• Remove any jewelry or metallic objects from the arm and hand.
• Position the patient comfortably at the table.
• Use lead shielding as appropriate.

BASIC PROJECTIONS

1. Anteroposterior (AP) Projection — Forearm

Positioning:

• Patient seated or standing with the arm fully extended.
• Supinate the hand so the palm faces upward.
• Forearm resting flat on IR.
• Shoulder, elbow, and wrist in the same plane.

Central Ray (CR):

• Perpendicular to IR.
• Directed to the mid-forearm.

SID (Source-to-Image Distance):

• 100–110 cm (40–44 inches).

Collimation:

• Include the wrist and elbow joints.

2. Lateral Projection — Forearm

Positioning:

• Elbow flexed 90°, forearm resting on lateral side on IR.
• Hand in lateral position (thumb up or down as needed).
• Ensure wrist and elbow are in true lateral alignment.

Central Ray (CR):

• Perpendicular to IR.
• Directed to the mid-forearm.

SID:

• 100–110 cm (40–44 inches).

Collimation:

• Include wrist and elbow joints.

Common Pathologies Demonstrated

• Fractures of radius and/or ulna.
• Dislocations of the elbow or distal radioulnar joint.
• Bone lesions or tumors.
• Forearm deformities such as bowing or congenital abnormalities.